歡樂與憂傷
【內容提示】
請你就“歡樂與憂傷”這一命題，寫一篇英語說明文。
內容要點如下：
①生活中，苦與樂像影子一樣與我們結伴而行。
②在永恆的自然中，快樂是動力，推動世界前進。
③愉快的人與別人分享歡樂，從善待別人中得到滿足。
④苦是自找的。追逐名利的人永遠沒有歡樂，而隻有痛苦。
⑤忌妒、報復心和虛榮心也是痛苦的根源。它們存在于人們的想象之中。
⑥要快樂就必須排除欲望和想象所導致的痛苦。
【作文示範】
Joy and Sorrow
In our life, joy and sorrow are like shadows that follow and go along with us. Sometimes we are in joy. Sometimes we are in sorrow. At times we cannot tell joy from sorrow.
What is joy? In the nature that is going on forever, joy is a driving power, which pushes the world forward. A joyful person has a sound mind and lives a happy life. He takes part in good activities and shares the joy with his fellows in the cause. It can be said that the joyful person is satisfied from being kind to others.
Sorrow is often self-sought①. The desire for power adds to one"s sorrow. The desire for power goes side by side with the desire for fame and wealth. When the desire for power and fame and wealth is out of balance② with reality, it becomes the root of sorrow. Besides, envy, revenge ③ and vanity④ are also sources of sorrow. The three evils⑤ exist in man"s imagination⑥. People suffer from them without knowing.
To be happy one must get free from sorrow led by desire and imagination.
【詞語解釋】
①self-sought["self"s&t] a.自找的
②out of balance["b$l+ns] 失去平衡
③revenge[ri"venDN] n.報仇;報復(心)
④vanity["v$n+ti] n.虛榮心;自負
⑤evil["i:v+l] n.邪惡;罪惡
⑥imagination[i?m$DNi"neiM+n] n.想象;想像力
【寫法指要】
本文是談苦樂觀的事理說明文。作者在文章引言段的一開頭用明喻的修辭格，把苦和樂比作時刻伴隨我們的影子，引出篇題。第二段和第三段是正文，各講一方面。第二段寫作者對歡樂的理解，第三段是對憂傷的詮釋，並分析了產生痛苦的兩種原因——欲望和想象。結尾段用簡短的一句話提出擺脫痛苦的方法。